A Review on Genetic Analysis of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crop for Yield and its Contributing Characters

Rice provides major source of calories in the global population. In any crop breeding programme, presence of genetic variability is essential for broadening the gene pool. For selecting a genotype having high desirable traits, high magnitude of variability should be present in the population. The heritability estimates along with amount of genetic variability give us an idea about genetic gain due to selection. Different direct traits (number of panicle/plant, filled grains/plant and test weight) and indirect traits (tiller number/plant, plant height) determine the yield component of rice. Present review draw a clear picture of how variability influences the selection process and also how yield is associated with different direct and indirect traits. Genotypes shows high variability and desirable characters can be used in further breeding programme. A glimpse of molecular advances in rice breeding also has been incorporated in the present review.